Ahom dynasty of assam that ruled assam for 598 years. Presence of some significant historical elements from the old ahom kingdom. These events had far reaching impact on the life and culture in the ahom kingdom. Tolatol ghor and karen ghor of rangpur palace is main architectural landmark of ahom kingdom of assam. Here are some other causes below, why it is famous for. Finally, they entered the valley of brahmaputra in 1228 c. Later the last set of ahom rulers, the tungkhungia kings, towards the end of the 17th century, would come to power. The period of their rule 1228 ad to 1826 ad is named as ahom yug ahom era. He was accompanied by his three queens, two sons, several nobles and officials and their families, and soldiers totaling more than nine thousand persons. The ahom kingdom was entering a crisis, as the paik system on which the state was based was unable to adapt to the changing economy and the emerging social classes. The rise of the sattras was one of the reason for the leakage of manpower from the paik system, and as a result the ahom kingdom and the sattras came into increasing conflict. Swargadeo chaolung sukaphaa observing the kingdom when did the ahom dynasty start to rule in assam. The ahom kingdom was established in 1228 when the first ahom king sukaphaa came from mong mao and entered the brahmaputra valley, crossing the rugged patkai mountain range. Chaolung sukaphaa paik system ahommughal conflicts.
Charaideo was the first capital of the ahom kingdom established by sukapha12281268adin 1253 ad. The tai lue established their first kingdom in south yunnan in the end of the 12th century. There you will get everything that you want to know on assam history. The tradition of writing buranjis survived more than six hundred years well into the british period, till a few decades after the demise of the ahom kingdom. Phuleswari, the chief consort of the ahom king siva singha17141744 was the. Dec 02, 2019 chaolung sukaphaa, also siukapha, the first ahom king in medieval assam, was the founder of the ahom kingdom. At any time of the year, one of the paiks in the got rendered direct service to the king, as the others in his got tended to his fields.
They are the admixed descendants of the tai people who reached the brahmaputra valley of assam in 1228 and the local indigenous people who joined them over the course of history. Documenting, conserving and archiving the tai ahom. A study into the ahom system of government during medieval. He was a th century ruler who founded the ahom kingdom that ruled assam for six centuries. The writers would like to thank professor chao puspa gogoi of dhema. Ahom kingdom 12281826 the foundations of presentday assam are attributable to yet another migration from the east, of the tai ahoms, in the th century. Ahom society was a traditional society with traditional administrative system. The dynasty was established by sukaphaa, a shan prince of mong mao who came to assam after crossing the patkai mountains.
The ahom kingdom began as a partially independent citystate, also called a mong, located in the upper reaches of the brahmaputra. Ahom dynasty of assam that ruled assam for 598 years beyonder. In 1794 the capital of ahom kingdom was shifted from rangpur toa jorhat b charaideo c gargaon d sonari. Sukaphaa did not battle any established kingdom and seem to have occupied a depopulated region on the south bank with the burhidihing river in the north, the dikhau river in the south and the patkai mountains in the east. This uprising spread widely to other sections of ahom kingdom including disgruntled elements of the ahom aristocracy leading to two periods in which the ahom king lost control of the. Buranji of the state of assam or ahom by including purani axom buranji, tungkhungia buranji, deodhai buranji,satsari axom buranji. The artistic construction and architectural technology of. Kings residential place about this holong ghor prominent writer shihabuddin. The ahom kingdom was a kingdom in the brahmaputra valley in assam, india and it is well known for maintaining its sovereignty for nearly 600 years and successfully resisting mughal expansion in northeast india. About 22 km from sibsagar town at sonpura, gargaon lies the revered ajan pir dargah dedicated to a great muslim reformer and a sufi saint shah miran. Writer shihabuddin talish was with mirjumla, who wrote the book fatihaiibriya.
But a small portion of ahom kingdom was lost and its sovereignty was challenged. Name the airport in assam, named after its first chief minister. It is believed that the system is based on the southeast asian legacy the ahoms brought with them in 1228. The ahom kingdom moved away from its tai roots in the 16th century beginning with suhungmung. Ahom administration was monarchical with lots of democratic values where the monarchy was the normal form the government although it was somewhat peculiar. Sukapha established his capital at charaideo due to its high land and safe from flood. The rebellion was headed by haradutta bujarbarua who, with mercenary troops, managed to occupy most of northern kamrup before being beaten back. The ahom kingdom emerged from these rebellions much weakened.
Ahom kingdom that ruled much of assam from 1228 to 1824. Upper assam especially sibsagar is a great place to understand the ahom architechture. Assam is in many ways a country of exceptional interest. Under him the ahom kingdom expanded greatly for the first time since sukaphaa, at the cost of the sutiya and the kachari kingdoms. The rule of this dynasty ended with the burmese invasion of assam and the subsequent annexation by the british east india company following the treaty of yandabo in 1826.
Noteworthy that, for the first time mughal emperor aurangzebs military general mirjumla captured garhgaon capital city due to the lack of efficient king of ahom kingdom in 1962. Sukaphaa did not battle any established kingdom and seem to have occupied a depopulated region on the south bank with the burhidihing river in the north, the dikhau river. In the very early of the th century, a group of 9000 people came from mong mao lung, in search of a convenient place to establish a kingdom they passed the patkai hills and the erawati river. The most widely available translation of the ahom chronicles buranji is g. Paik officialsthe ahom kingdom was dependent on the paik system, a form of corvee labor.
He can be credited as the real builder of the ahom kingdom. The tai origin ahoms who were migrated to the brahmaputra valley in the first. Golaghat district is surrounded by the river brahmaputra to the north, the state of nagaland to the south, jorhat district to the east and karbi anglong and nagaon district to the west. Assam in the 12th century and further extended their rule from the 15th to the 19th century. The ahom dynasty 12281826 ruled the ahom kingdom in presentday assam, india for nearly 598 years.
Hem chandra goswami is regarded as one of the most exceptional writers of the late 19th century and early twentieth century. The ahom dynasty of assam, encouraged art and art forms including theatre. How a bengali queen and bengali brahmins led the downfall of. The ahom ruler was first to turn the kachari kings as thapita and sanchita was. Ancient manuscript literature in tai ahom request pdf. This put the ahom state into interregnum when the ministers ruled the state for about nine years. Puya also called wakoklon heelel thilel salai amailon pukok puya was written around 98 bce verified by national archives of india, new delhi on 29111989. Especially, this was the last capital of the kingdom. The rule of ahom kingdom ended with the invasion of a portuguese b burmese c british d mughals. Among these, the chutia kingdom was the most advanced, with its rural industries, trade surplus economy and advanced sanskritisation. Known for his leadership in the 1671 battle of saraighat that thwarted a drawnout attempt by. The yandaboo treaty was signed in 1826 between a east india company and the ahom king b east india company and the burmese c british crown and the ahom king.
Who established the ahom kingdom in the medieval period. Under the rule of suhungmung in the 16th century, the boundaries of the kingdom expanded. The important capitals of ahom and the period of establishment are 1 charaideo established by chaulung siukapha 12281268 ce. Adobe document cloud services, which let you complete essential pdf tasks with the acrobat reader mobile app or in your web browser, including storing and sharing files online. He also successfully defended his kingdom against the first muslim invasions under turbak khan. A tai prince originally from mong mao, the kingdom he established in 1228 existed for nearly six hundred years and in the process unified the indigenous ethnic groups of the region. In the 1794 century, ahom king gaurinath singha transferred the states capital to jorhat from rangpur. Talish came to ahom kingdom with mirjumla during the time of mughals expedition against ahoms.
Specially, through his account on assam it is known that by the holong ghor or residential place of ahom. This is how edward gait in his a history of assam 1 describes the progenitors of the ahom kingdom. Tangsa, on the other hand, is an incredibly diverse group of lects a diversity that persists despite migration into the multilingual plains of north east india. The ahom people originally came from yunnan province in china, possibly around 1200. Document cloud services also enable complete workflows for sending, esigning, and tracking documents. Another writer satyanath sharmadev has divided the buranjis in two categories. Pdf in the early th century, there was a small kingdom of tai people named mong mao, related to the shan, in presentday yunnan province, china find, read and cite all the research you. Request pdf ancient manuscript literature in tai ahom the ancient. The moamoria rebellion 17691805 was the 18th century uprising in ahom kingdom of presentday assam that began as power struggle between the moamorias, the adherents of the moamara sattra, and the ahom kings. Among the important issues of assam history the establishment of historic ahom kingdom and their consolidation was a remarkable issue of discussion from different perspectives.
Frustrated jumla was forced to sign a humiliating treaty with ahom king which was the most humiliating thing for the mughals to do. Golaghat district occupies an area of 3,502 square kilometres 1,352 sq mi, comparatively equivalent to the bahamas north andros island. The royal women were often used as a political tool. Belonging to an offshoot of the tai or shan race, the ahoms under the leadership of prince suka fa reached the brahmaputra valley, travelling all the way from upper burma and western yunan, in 1228 ce 2. Heaven of the ahom dynasty, who established the first ahom capital at che rai doi or charaideo and there after it was shifted 5 more times and out of this other four 4 were within sivasagar district only. The paik system was a type of corvee labor system on which the ahom kingdom of medieval assam was based. There was a successful tai ahom kingdom which lasted for 600 years from the mid th century until the end of the first burmeseanglo war in 1826. In which year did the koch king naranarayan invade the ahom kingdom. Chaolung sukaphaa first ahom king of assam apsc assam.
The buranjis are an example of historical literature which is rare in india. The course of time they came to be known as the ahom. Decline and fall of the ahom kingdom the moamariya. King jayadhwaja died in 1663 but he wanted to avenge his kingdom. It is about 30 km away from present sivasagar town. Assam history chronology of events of assams ancient. At any time of the year, one of the paiksin the got rendered direct service to the king, as the others in his got tended to his fields.
The kakatis were writers of official documents, and the dolais expounded astrology and determined. His brother mohanmala gohain, was considered illegible for. The medical assam was absolutely ruled by the ahom who hailed from. They started the process of writing history for the first time in this part of the subcontinent. The essence of the long rule of the ahoms in assam was their system of government. Ahom monuments an architectural marvel new perspective. The history of manipur kangleipak in ancient times is reflected by archaeological research, mythology and written history. He is the first sonnet writer of assamese language. Jan 30, 2021 the ahom kingdom began as a partially independent citystate, also called a mong, located in the upper reaches of the brahmaputra. Decline and fall of the ahom kingdom the moamariya rebellion. The mature structure was designed by momai tamuli borbarua in 1609.
One significant poet of the ahom age was durgeswar dwiji. Sukapha was a thcentury ruler who founded the ahom kingdom that ruled assam for six centuries. Apr 22, 2020 literally, buranji means a store that teaches the ignorant in the ahom language. Nowadays, the two groups live under different political systems. The tai origin ahoms who were migrated to the brahmaputra valley in the first half of thirteenth century under the leadership of sukapha had established an empire in brahmaputra valley by uniting the ancient kamrup and kamrup kamata and other. Barua 1930, though ranoo 1996 is the more reliable translation. You can read assam history book by dambarudhar nath. Jun 15, 2017 the reign of suhungmung dihingiya raja broke from the early ahom rule and established a multiethnic polity in his kingdom.
The chutia kingdom was one among other ethnic groups ahom, dimasa, koch, jaintia etc. The military system of ahom kingdom of medieval assam. My gratitude are also due for the writers and literatures on the basis of. The river brahmaputra has been a silent witness to the many important events which took place in the brahmaputra valley. Where appropriate, incorporate items into the main body of the article. Discussion swargadeo rajeswar singha, the fourth son of rudra singha,become the king of ahom kingdom after the death of his brother king pramatta singha. At this point the ahom peoples constituted a mere 10% of the ahom kingdom. Their rule was marked by advancements in arts and construction but also by internal conflicts which shook the foundations of the kingdom. Speed business processes and let employees work anywhere with allnew adobe acrobat dc products and adobe document cloud. Assam general knowledge questions for competitive exams. Chaolung sukaphaa also siukapha, the first ahom king in medieval assam, was the founder of the ahom kingdom. Expansion of the ahom kingdom in the 16 century suhungmung. Jun 28, 2017 the dundiya rebellion was a late 18thcentury uprising against the ahom kingdom in the borphukans domain. Innumerable bortops were made in the kingdom since then and when mirzumla, the nawab of bengal attacked assam, he took along with him hilois.
Which of the following ahom king signed the treaty of majuli with koch king naranarayan. Their power in assam reached its peak during the reign. Sivasagar the heritage capital of assam kite manja. Apr 17, 2020 in tai ahom language charaideo means the shining city on the hills and it is the first capital of the ahom kingdom founded by king chao lung suikapha in 1253. Ahom, tribe that ruled much of assam from the th century until the establishment of british rule in 1838. It gives a detailed account of the contemporary time. Suhungmung dehingia raja has been regarded as one among the greatest ahom kings. However as per puya meitei texts the kings of kangleipak needs to be updated. The ahom or tai ahom script of assam, india, is a sad illustration of how powerful a force colonialism can be in suppressing cultural individuality but also that domestic forces such as caste or class warfare can be just as destructive in terms of cultural imperialism. Ahom kingdom history coinage of assam ahom dynasty.
Raja siva singha sutanpha during his reign peace prevailed. How a bengali queen and bengali brahmins led the downfall. Download pdf here later the last set of ahom rulers, the tungkhungia kings, towards the end of the 17th century, would come to power. Every common subject was a paik, and four paiks formed a got. The court language stopped being the ahom language in the beginning of the 17th century during pratap singhas time. The ahom kingdom was established in 1228 when sukaphaa entered the brahmaputra valley. The ahom manuscripts project will digitize and document the written legacy of northeastern indias ahom kingdom by photographing and cataloguing approximately 500 ahom manuscripts 20,000 pages, following best practices and standards for digital imaging, cataloguing, and metatagging, and archiving these materials at the british library, the institute for tai studies and.
The ahom kingdom was a late medieval kingdom in the brahmaputra valley in assam. Ahom dynasty 15 mysterious answers ahom dynasty is the most powerful ruling dynasty that has ever evolved in the soil of assam they have a great history of 600 years of dominated ruling and also they have a history of a tragic decline. Mirjumla captured garhgaon capital city due to the lack of efficient king of ahom kingdom in 1962. Yes, ahom 1228 ad to 1838 ad dynasty is the longest surviving dynasty of documented india. Use acrobat standard to create, edit, sign, and track your pdf files.
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